Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis

Vishal Chandra; Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf; Pramod Yadav; Vikas Raghuvanshi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

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Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis

Vishal Chandra, Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf, Pramod Yadav, Vikas Raghuvanshi

Published in Cell Biology (Volume 11, Issue 2)

Received: 20 September 2023 Accepted: 10 October 2023 Published: 31 October 2023

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Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common rheumatic disorder that affects multiple joint tissues and has complex genetic and environmental etiologies. This study explores the genetic basis of OA in the Kanpur District, India. Methods: It is examined genes related to metabolism, apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and bone metabolism. Microarray-based gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between OA patients and healthy controls. Results: The results indicated the potential involvement of apoptosis and inflammatory pathways, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of caspases, TNF receptors, and ligands. The results also suggested a proinflammatory environment that contributes to cartilage degradation, as shown by the elevated expression of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-17D, and IL-18. Moreover, the results demonstrated extracellular matrix remodelling and immune activation in OA pathogenesis, as indicated by the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and complement component genes. Interestingly, bone metabolism-related genes displayed varied expression patterns, with decreased expression of TGFβ isoforms and increased expression of S100 proteins. Conclusion: These findings underscore the dysregulation of apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix homeostasis in OA, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for disease management. However, the study limitations, such as small sample size and regional specificity, warrant further investigation to confirm and extend these findings. Future research should utilize larger cohorts and diverse methodologies to enhance the understanding of OA’s molecular mechanisms and facilitate the development of targeted interventions.

Published in	Cell Biology (Volume 11, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
Page(s)	12-19
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Osteoarthritis (OA), Gene Expression, Microarray Analysis, Inflammation, Bone Metabolism, Chemokines

References

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[2]	Cui A, Li H, Wang D, Zhong J, Chen Y, Lu H. Global, regional prevalence, incidence and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis in population-based studies. E Clinical Medicine. 2020; 29-30: 100587. doi: 10.1016/J.ECLINM.2020.100587/ATTACHMENT/64565CD4-E365-481C-9118-041D0BB55966/MMC30.DOCX.
[3]	Osteoarthritis \| National Health Portal of India. Accessed April 5, 2023. https://www.nhp.gov.in/disease/musculo-skeletal-bone-joints-/osteoarthritis
[4]	Singh A, Das S, Chopra A, et al. Burden of osteoarthritis in India and its states, 1990-2019: findings from the Global Burden of disease study 2019. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2022; 30 (8): 1070-1078. doi: 10.1016/J.JOCA.2022.05.004.
[5]	Aubourg G, Rice SJ, Bruce-Wootton P, Loughlin J. Genetics of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2022; 30 (5): 636-649. doi: 10.1016/J.JOCA.2021.03.002.
[6]	Altman R, Asch E, Bloch D, et al. Development of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis. Classification of osteoarthritis of the knee. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee of the American Rheumatism Association. Arthritis Rheum. 1986; 29 (8): 1039-1049. doi: 10.1002/ART.1780290816.
[7]	Hashimoto S, Ochs RL, Rosen F, et al. Chondrocyte-derived apoptotic bodies and calcification of articular cartilage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998; 95 (6): 3094-3099. doi: 10.1073/PNAS.95.6.3094.
[8]	Nuttall ME, Nadeau DP, Fisher PW, et al. Inhibition of caspase-3-like activity prevents apoptosis while retaining functionality of human chondrocytes in vitro. J Orthop Res. 2000; 18 (3): 356-363. doi: 10.1002/JOR.1100180306.
[9]	D’Lima D, Hermida J, Hashimoto S, Colwell C, Lotz M. Caspase inhibitors reduce severity of cartilage lesions in experimental osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006; 54 (6): 1814-1821. doi: 10.1002/ART.21874.
[10]	Scietti L, Moroni E, Mattoteia D, et al. A Fe²⁺-dependent self-inhibited state influences the druggability of human collagen lysyl hydroxylase (LH/PLOD) enzymes. Front Mol Biosci. 2022; 9: 876352. doi: 10.3389/FMOLB.2022.876352/BIBTEX.
[11]	Liu L, Wang D, Qin Y, et al. Astragalin Promotes Osteoblastic Differentiation in MC3T3-E1 Cells and Bone Formation in vivo. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019; 10 (MAR): 409564. doi: 10.3389/FENDO.2019.00228/BIBTEX.
[12]	Symons JA, Young PR, Duff GW. Soluble type II interleukin 1 (IL-1) receptor binds and blocks processing of IL-1 beta precursor and loses affinity for IL-1 receptor antagonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995; 92 (5): 1714-1718. doi: 10.1073/PNAS.92.5.1714.
[13]	Wang Q, Rozelle AL, Lepus CM, et al. Identification of a central role for complement in osteoarthritis. Nat Med. 2011; 17 (12): 1674-1679. doi: 10.1038/NM.2543.
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APA Style

Vishal Chandra, Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf, Pramod Yadav, Vikas Raghuvanshi. (2023). Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cell Biology, 11(2), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

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ACS Style

Vishal Chandra; Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf; Pramod Yadav; Vikas Raghuvanshi. Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cell Biol. 2023, 11(2), 12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

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AMA Style

Vishal Chandra, Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf, Pramod Yadav, Vikas Raghuvanshi. Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cell Biol. 2023;11(2):12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

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@article{10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11,
  author = {Vishal Chandra and Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf and Pramod Yadav and Vikas Raghuvanshi},
  title = {Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis},
  journal = {Cell Biology},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {12-19},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cb.20231102.11},
  abstract = {Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common rheumatic disorder that affects multiple joint tissues and has complex genetic and environmental etiologies. This study explores the genetic basis of OA in the Kanpur District, India. Methods: It is examined genes related to metabolism, apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and bone metabolism. Microarray-based gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between OA patients and healthy controls. Results: The results indicated the potential involvement of apoptosis and inflammatory pathways, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of caspases, TNF receptors, and ligands. The results also suggested a proinflammatory environment that contributes to cartilage degradation, as shown by the elevated expression of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-17D, and IL-18. Moreover, the results demonstrated extracellular matrix remodelling and immune activation in OA pathogenesis, as indicated by the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and complement component genes. Interestingly, bone metabolism-related genes displayed varied expression patterns, with decreased expression of TGFβ isoforms and increased expression of S100 proteins. Conclusion: These findings underscore the dysregulation of apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix homeostasis in OA, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for disease management. However, the study limitations, such as small sample size and regional specificity, warrant further investigation to confirm and extend these findings. Future research should utilize larger cohorts and diverse methodologies to enhance the understanding of OA’s molecular mechanisms and facilitate the development of targeted interventions.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis
AU  - Vishal Chandra
AU  - Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf
AU  - Pramod Yadav
AU  - Vikas Raghuvanshi
Y1  - 2023/10/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
T2  - Cell Biology
JF  - Cell Biology
JO  - Cell Biology
SP  - 12
EP  - 19
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0183
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
AB  - Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common rheumatic disorder that affects multiple joint tissues and has complex genetic and environmental etiologies. This study explores the genetic basis of OA in the Kanpur District, India. Methods: It is examined genes related to metabolism, apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and bone metabolism. Microarray-based gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between OA patients and healthy controls. Results: The results indicated the potential involvement of apoptosis and inflammatory pathways, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of caspases, TNF receptors, and ligands. The results also suggested a proinflammatory environment that contributes to cartilage degradation, as shown by the elevated expression of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-17D, and IL-18. Moreover, the results demonstrated extracellular matrix remodelling and immune activation in OA pathogenesis, as indicated by the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and complement component genes. Interestingly, bone metabolism-related genes displayed varied expression patterns, with decreased expression of TGFβ isoforms and increased expression of S100 proteins. Conclusion: These findings underscore the dysregulation of apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix homeostasis in OA, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for disease management. However, the study limitations, such as small sample size and regional specificity, warrant further investigation to confirm and extend these findings. Future research should utilize larger cohorts and diverse methodologies to enhance the understanding of OA’s molecular mechanisms and facilitate the development of targeted interventions.

VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Vishal Chandra

School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf

School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, India
Pramod Yadav

School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Vikas Raghuvanshi

School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India

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APA Style

Vishal Chandra, Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf, Pramod Yadav, Vikas Raghuvanshi. (2023). Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cell Biology, 11(2), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

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ACS Style

Vishal Chandra; Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf; Pramod Yadav; Vikas Raghuvanshi. Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cell Biol. 2023, 11(2), 12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

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AMA Style

Vishal Chandra, Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf, Pramod Yadav, Vikas Raghuvanshi. Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis. Cell Biol. 2023;11(2):12-19. doi: 10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11,
  author = {Vishal Chandra and Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf and Pramod Yadav and Vikas Raghuvanshi},
  title = {Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis},
  journal = {Cell Biology},
  volume = {11},
  number = {2},
  pages = {12-19},
  doi = {10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cb.20231102.11},
  abstract = {Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common rheumatic disorder that affects multiple joint tissues and has complex genetic and environmental etiologies. This study explores the genetic basis of OA in the Kanpur District, India. Methods: It is examined genes related to metabolism, apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and bone metabolism. Microarray-based gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between OA patients and healthy controls. Results: The results indicated the potential involvement of apoptosis and inflammatory pathways, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of caspases, TNF receptors, and ligands. The results also suggested a proinflammatory environment that contributes to cartilage degradation, as shown by the elevated expression of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-17D, and IL-18. Moreover, the results demonstrated extracellular matrix remodelling and immune activation in OA pathogenesis, as indicated by the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and complement component genes. Interestingly, bone metabolism-related genes displayed varied expression patterns, with decreased expression of TGFβ isoforms and increased expression of S100 proteins. Conclusion: These findings underscore the dysregulation of apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix homeostasis in OA, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for disease management. However, the study limitations, such as small sample size and regional specificity, warrant further investigation to confirm and extend these findings. Future research should utilize larger cohorts and diverse methodologies to enhance the understanding of OA’s molecular mechanisms and facilitate the development of targeted interventions.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Microarray Analysis Reveals Altered Genes Involved in Apoptosis, Inflammation and Bone Metabolism in Knee Osteoarthritis
AU  - Vishal Chandra
AU  - Mohd Tashfeen Ashraf
AU  - Pramod Yadav
AU  - Vikas Raghuvanshi
Y1  - 2023/10/31
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
T2  - Cell Biology
JF  - Cell Biology
JO  - Cell Biology
SP  - 12
EP  - 19
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-0183
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cb.20231102.11
AB  - Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common rheumatic disorder that affects multiple joint tissues and has complex genetic and environmental etiologies. This study explores the genetic basis of OA in the Kanpur District, India. Methods: It is examined genes related to metabolism, apoptosis, cytokine signaling, and bone metabolism. Microarray-based gene expression analysis revealed significant differences between OA patients and healthy controls. Results: The results indicated the potential involvement of apoptosis and inflammatory pathways, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of caspases, TNF receptors, and ligands. The results also suggested a proinflammatory environment that contributes to cartilage degradation, as shown by the elevated expression of cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-17D, and IL-18. Moreover, the results demonstrated extracellular matrix remodelling and immune activation in OA pathogenesis, as indicated by the increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and complement component genes. Interestingly, bone metabolism-related genes displayed varied expression patterns, with decreased expression of TGFβ isoforms and increased expression of S100 proteins. Conclusion: These findings underscore the dysregulation of apoptosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix homeostasis in OA, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets for disease management. However, the study limitations, such as small sample size and regional specificity, warrant further investigation to confirm and extend these findings. Future research should utilize larger cohorts and diverse methodologies to enhance the understanding of OA’s molecular mechanisms and facilitate the development of targeted interventions.

VL  - 11
IS  - 2
ER  -

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